❞ كتاب mRNA Processing and Metabolism ❝ ⏤ Daniel R. Schoenberg

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
to Map Cotranscriptional mRNA Processing
in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Michael-Christopher Keogh and Stephen Buratowski
Summary
The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) technique has been used to determine where
and under what conditions DNA binding proteins associate with specific DNA sequences. Proteins are crosslinked in vivo with formaldehyde, and chromatin is then isolated and sheared.
The protein of interest is then immunoprecipitated and the associated DNA sequences identified via PCR. Although this technique was originally designed to assay DNA binding proteins,
it can also be used to monitor mRNA processing factors associated with transcription complexes.
Key Words
Chromatin immunoprecipitation; epitope tagging; polymerase chain reaction; tandem affinity purification (TAP) tag.
1. Introduction
Synthesis of mRNA by RNA polymerase II (RNApII) is a complex process
involving the transient association of large protein complexes with DNA (1,2).
Much work in the field has concentrated on in vitro reconstitution, examining
the role of individual proteins or complexes at different steps of the transcription cycle. However, study of this process in its natural chromosomal environment is required for more complete understanding

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology